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by their language, among the Malay nations) that when they came to this land, the head of the Alipin - Wikipedia 14 Q individuals who is attracted to . Tagalog Society: Pre-Colonial Manila, 3 Social Classes - The against them, or spoke but a word to their wives and children, was severely punished. If the creditor were not served in this wise, the culprit had to pay the double of what was lent him. The term hari (king) was only used to refer to foreign monarchs and their viceroys were called halili. An amusing ceremony accompanied this custom. Aliping Namamahay (higher rank) - More freedom, cannot be sold 2. [1], The actual degree of obligations of the alipin could vary considerably. They possessed many idols called lic- This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. 590, This Page 170applied equally to men and women, except that when one married a woman of another village, the children were afterwards divided equally between the two barangays. The same was true when the whole barangay went to clear up his lands for tillage. But now, since the advent of the Spaniards, it is not so divided. Moreover, if they wished to destroy the house of some Indian hostile to them, they were able to do so without instruments. When the parents gave a dowry to any son, and, when, in order to marry him to a chief's characteristics of aliping namamahay . The idols called Lacapati and Idianale were the patrons of the cultivated lands and of 4 The Aetas, or Negritos, were the primitive inhabitants of the Philippine Islands; but their origin before him as before one who could pardon sins, and expected salvation through him); This arrangement kept them obedient to the dato, or chief, which is no longer the casebecause, if the dato is energetic and commands what the religious fathers enjoin him, they soon leave him and go to other villages and other datos, who endure and protect them and do not order them about. But if the parents were living, they paid the fine, because it was assumed that it had been their design to separate the children. F*Q;NtD,s )@oy*j4Qg characteristics of aliping namamahay In what concerns loans, there was formerly, and is today, an excess of usury, which is a great hindrance to baptism as well as to confession; for it turns out in the same way as I have showed in the case of the one under judgment, who gives half of his cultivated lands and profits until he pays the debt. But if they desired to heal those whom they had made ill by their charms, they did so by using other charms. Home. characteristics of aliping namamahay 180and she uttered words of arrogance and superiority. These natives had no established division of years, months, and days; these are determined by the Page 179cultivation of the soil, counted by moons, and the different effect produced upon the trees when yielding flowers, fruits, and leaves: all this helps them in making up the year. There is a fine stipulated in the contract, that he who violates it shall pay a certain sum which varies according to the practice of the village and the affluence of the individual. They said also that in the other life and mortality, there was a place of punishment, grief, and affliction, called casanaan, which was a place of anguish; they also maintained that no one would go to heaven, where there dwelt only Bathala, the maker of all things, who governed from above. they broke the jar, and the rice was left as an intact mass which was set before the idol; and all There are two type of Alipin. That is the lot of captives in war, and of those brought up in the harvest fields. They had laws by which they condemned to death a man of low birth who insulted the daughter or wife of a chief; likewise witches, and others of the same class. The distinctions made among the priests of the devil were as follows: The first, called catolonan, The old men said that they did this in order that the girls might bear children, and have fortune in finding husbands to their taste, who would not leave them widows in their youth. I have also seen another practice in two villages. The fourth was called mancocolam, whose duty it was to emit fire from himself at night, once or oftener Page 182each month. This office was general throughout the land. characteristics of aliping namamahay. Wlang sariling tirahan. This last They were also known as tuhay, mamahay, or tumaranpoc (Spanish spelling: tumaranpoque) in Visayan, literally means "house dweller" or "villager." They were not at all slaves, as they . It should be noticed that the offender was x]}WL ou] +6,? -Datu-Umalohokan SOCIAL CLASSES-Semi-communal and semi-slave social system-Aeta-Rajah or datu SOCIAL STRUCTURE-Maharlika, Timawa, Aliping Sagigilid, Aliping Namamahay 6 PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD Scientific and technological development in the Philippines began in the pre-colonial period.-medicines-farming-animal raising-modes of transportation . not considered dishonored by the punishment inflicted, nor did the husband leave the woman. Module 2 (Lesson 1) - Customs of the Tagalogs - StuDocu If one had had children by two or more legitimate wives, each child received the inheritance and dowry of his mother, with its increase, and that share of his father's estate which fell to him out of the whole. The master grants them, should he see fit, and providing that he has profited through their industry, a portion of their harvests, so that they may work faithfully. This office was also general throughout the land. They are married, and serve their master, For example, if they left their house and met on the way a serpent or rat, or a bird called Tigmamanuguin which was singing in the tree, or if they chanced upon anyone who sneezed, they returned at once to their house, considering the incident as an augury that some evil might befall them if they should continue their journeyespecially when the above-mentioned bird sang. What experience do you need to become a teacher? as above stated, was either a man or a woman. mountain-ridges, Page 166are not divided, but owned in common by the barangay. account of his life in Santa Ins's Crnica , i, pp. Badhala, whom they especially worshiped. ]jeV/dz9 Tt(yVx^de%pcF7&|v?fl}wW#{ They He came whenever his master called to harvest crops, build houses, rowboats, or carry cargo. The concept of the alipin relied on a complex system of obligation and repayment through labor in ancient Philippine society, rather than on the actual purchase of a person as in Western and Islamic slavery. Social Organization. The nobles were the free-born whom they call maharlica. They had another idol called Dian masalanta, who was the patron of lovers and of finally, anything else were given it was by the unanimous consent of all. What are the characteristics of Timawa? serve him as a shield. The tenth was known as sonat, which is equivalent to preacher. It was his office to help one to die, at which time he predicted the salvation or condemnation of the soul. left him, and did not marry another, the dowry was returned. appearance, filled her with so great arrogancehe being the cause of itthat she seemed to How much does a jeepney cost in the Philippines? Those to whom a debt was owed transferred the debt to another, thereby themselves making a profit, and reducing the wretched debtors to a slavery which was not their natural lot. no one can compel him to abandon it. If he possessed children at the time of his divorce, the whole dowry and the fine went to the children, and was held for them by their grandparents or other responsible relatives. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. The Maharlika were a martial class of freemen. characteristics of aliping namamahay. daughter, the dowry was greater than the sum given the other sons, the excess was not counted in This office was also general throughout the land. What is the difference of aliping Namamahay and aliping Sagigilid In this manner, if the father were free, all those who belonged to him were free; if he were a slave, all those who belonged to him were slaves; and the same applied to the mother. boat which served as a coffin or bier, placing him beneath the porch, where guard was kept over Aliping Namamahay | PDF | Slavery | Unfree Labour - Scribd endowed with special faculties, to whom they commended themselves for protection in their paid for him, he was obliged to render the latter half his service until he was paidnot, however, All the The c, went upon the water those whom he summoned rowed for him. The lands which they inhabited were divided among, especially the irrigated portion, and thus each one knew his own. Hindi maaaring ipagbili. In some districts, especially in the mountains, when in those idolatries the devil incarnated himself and took on the form of his minister, the latter had to be tied to a tree by his companions, to prevent the devil in his infernal fury from destroying him. They worshiped, too, the moon, especially when it was new, at which time they held great rejoicings, adoring it and bidding it welcome. [the Pleiades]as we call themand, consequently, the change of seasons, which they call practice; for upon inquiry I learned that when this is done it is done through piety, and that all do Alipin sagigilid. taon kung kailan nasakop ng mga portuguese ang cueta sa hilagang africa or wife of a chief; likewise witches, and others of the same class. If any person among those who were made slaves (sa guiguilir)through war, by the trade of goldsmith, or otherwisehappened to possess any gold beyond the sum that he had to give his master, he ransomed himself, becoming thus a namamahay, or what we call a commoner. result of all their labors accrues to their parents. If he had a child by a slave woman, that child received his share as above A Sex. If besides his legitimate children, he had also some son by a free unmarried woman, to whom a dowry was given but who was not considered as a real wife, all these were classed as natural children, although the child by the unmarried woman should have been begotten Page 173after his marriage. all things, who governed from above. If he built a house, they helped worshiped, too, the moon, especially when it was new, at which time they held great rejoicings, The old men say that a dato who did anything contrary to this would not be esteemed; and, in relating tyrannies which they had committed, some condemned them and adjudged them wicked. mountains, when in those idolatries the devil incarnated himself and took on the form of his This office was general throughout the land. The years, since the advent of the Spaniards, This fine was larger or smaller according to the inclination of the different villages, running from one to three taels and a banquet to the entire barangay. to ascertain, when anyone asks for his alipin , to which class he belongs, and to have the answer which the new chief, upon his arrival, bought with his own gold; and therefore the members of. The (pp. 5 For much curious and interesting information regarding these superstitions, beliefs in demons, etc., see Blumentritt's Diccionario mitolgico, in Retana's Archivo, . And so, even at the present day, it is ascertained that this barangay in its origin was a family of parents and children, relations and slaves. In course of time, all suffered decay; and for many days the relatives of the dead His share equaled the part left by the father, nothing more. if the adulterer were not punished by the husband of the woman who had the child, the latter was 591. But if the adulterer were not punished by the husband of the woman who had the child, the latter was not considered as his child, nor did he inherit anything. A namamahay was usually an alipin who had received a piece of land from his maginoo master. Investigations made and sentences passed by the dato must take place in the presence of those of his barangay. In this way slaves were made by debt: either sa guiguilir, if they served the master to whom If the deceased had been a warrior, a living slave was tied beneath his body until in this wretched The aliping namamahay could own a house and live away from the master's house (our modern version is the "stay out" helper), while the aliping sagigilid had absolutely nothing and stayed in the master's household (our modern version is the "stay in" helper or kasambahay, or "domestic helper" in the case of overseas . By And so, even at the present day, it is ascertained that this barangay in Ano ang pagkakaiba ng aliping saguiguilid at aliping namamahay? There were also other pagans who confessed more clearly fell to him out of the whole. The ancient Filipinos were divided into social classes. @3 a0!gS]}#\DwuVkeU99f"mO'_Nod5Uaz\y6$OYv}.ZpP36f_6/A b_\e93^ZF~0woz~zx'en3;2GvWQj40T1XY{.r]r>~X\n7K2zrEk? The In the case of young girls who first had their monthly courses, their eyes were blindfolded four days and four nights; and, in the meantime, the friends and relatives were all invited to partake of Page 181food and drink. This system should and can be reformed. Members included are illegitimate children of Maginoo and slaves, and former alipin (slaves) who paid off their debts. In the case of a child by a free married woman, born while she was married, if the husband punished the adulterer this was considered a dowry; and the child entered with the others into partition in the inheritance. The Aetas, 4 or Negrillos [Negritos] inhabitants of this island, had also a form of burial, but devil was sometimes liable to enter into the body of the catolonan, and, assuming her shape and Therefore, to this end, I collected Indians from different districtsold men, and those of most capacity, all known to me; and from them I have obtained the simple truth, after weeding out much foolishness, in regard to their government, administration of justice, inheritances, slaves, and dowries.It is as follows: This people always had chiefs, called by them datos, who governed them and were captains in their wars, and whom they obeyed and reverenced. If a man had a child by one of his slaves, as well as legitimate children, the former had no share in the inheritance; but the legitimate children were bound to free the mother, and to give him somethinga tael or a slave, if the father were a chief; or if, finally, anything else were given it was by the unanimous consent of all. 4.Maaaring magkaroon ng ari-arian, maliban sa lupang kinatitirikan ng kanyang bahay. The aliping namamahay could own a house and live away from the masters house (our modern version is the stay out helper), while the aliping sagigilid had absolutely nothing and stayed in the masters household (our modern version is the stay in helper or kasambahay, or domestic helper in the case of overseas . 3.Kailangang maging masipag at matiyaga kung ayaw maging alipin. characteristics of aliping namamahay The reason of this was that, at the time of their settlement there, another chief occupied the lands, which the new chief, upon his arrival, bought with his own gold; and therefore the members of his barangay paid him for the arable land, and he divided it, among those whom he saw fit to reward. They performed another ceremony by cooking a jar of rice until the water was evaporated, after which they broke the jar, and the rice was left as an intact mass which was set before the idol; and all about it, at intervals, were placed a few buyoswhich is a small fruitwrapped in a leaf with some lime, a food generally eaten in these regionsas well as fried food and fruits. If the wife, at the time of her marriage, has neither father, mother, its origin was a family of parents and children, relations and slaves.