You are already subscribed to our newsletter! This simply means that federalism in Nigeria provides accommodation, an institutional arrangement which gives the component units equal and coordinate jural status. Ethnic Minorities and Federalism in Nigeria - JSTOR << Mainly of telling who is who in a given society. This post will give you some insight into why federalism was adopted as the system of governance in Nigeria. What is federalism? welcome, and thanks for reading us. We appreciate you. The governmental powers are shared between the federal government and the thirty-six state governments. It discovered a positive relationship between the changes in the fiscal structure and the aggravation of ethnic minorities' struggles. Nigeria. By the time Nigeria became a republic, the system of federalism was adopted and the country was considered as a federation of three regions. The post war efforts for disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of the Igbo secessionist into the post-civil war Nigeria through the (3Rs) policy of rehabilitation, reconstruction and reconciliation (the 3Rs) to promote national unity and nationalism have failed to yield desire result. Best information base for latest information both national and international. Many Nigerian ethnic groups began to agitate for their own states. Take for example, in the Nigerian case of Attorney General of Federation v Attorney General of Abia and others (2002) 3 NCLR 1ar p 54, the issue of resource control in a true federalism was the bone of contention in that matter. (PDF) Federalism in Nigeria -Problems, Prospects and the Imperative of What are the reasons Nigeria adopted the Federalism system of government in Nigeria? It is on this footing, herewith, that one can properly understand the rational for, and theory of federalism, what and why certain trends theme up federal-state relations in Nigeria, and the features of federal-state relations in Nigeria. /Contents 4 0 R This allows the central or federal government to share governmental powers between the central or federal government and the components regions, state, etc. This paper recommends that there should be an overhaul of the political system through constitutional amendment process to expunge provisions that negate federalism and provide for implementation of true federalism. PDF Fiscal Federalism, Resource Control, and Restructuring in Nigeria: the The states too have no resources for development but depended on federal grants. 7 Cooperative federalism was dominant from the 1930s through the 1970s. Over the years the fiscal federalism in Nigeria has crystallised and remained . It means that the sovereign unit (Centre) and local units . 7 Topics . /Font << Federalism is a defined or is said to be the system where powers are shared between central and regional governments so that each is in a sphere coordinate and are independent. Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. five reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria explained. /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB Revenue Allocation and Economic Development in Nigeria: An Empirical 2) The Problem of Minorities: In Nigeria, there are majority groups and minority groups. 33 The Marriage Act, Laws of the Federation of Nigeria, 1990, sec 18 specifically stipulates: "If either party to an intended marriage, not being a Consent widower or widow, is under twenty-one years of age, the written consent of the father, or if he be dead or of unsound mind or absent from Nigeria, of the mother, or if both be dead or of unsound mind or absent from Nigeria, of the . If you answer to the above questions is no, then you lucky to be here. As a result, issues relating to marginalization, economic imbalance, social alienation, ethnic suspicion and superior-subordination contestation are recurring malaises in the system. Peter W I L F R E D Naankiel, FRED EKPE F. AYOKHAI, Covenant University Journal of Politics and International Affairs, African Journal of Political Science and International Relations, African Journal of Governance and Development, Calabar Journal of Politics and Administration, International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research, International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, Under Reconstruction: Ethnicity, Ethnic Nationalism, and the Future of the Nigerian State, Institutional Engineering and the Survival of Nigerian Federalism, " Managing a Plural Society : the Boomerang Effects of Nigerian Federalism' Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Politics , 27, 1-2 (July 1989), 218-245, An Historical Interrogation of Federalism berlin, THE PRACTICE OF TRUE FEDERALISM IN NIGERIA AND THE NIGER DELTA QUESTION, "The dawn of constitutionalism in Nigeria in Mbondenyi, M. K., and Ojienda T. 7 Reasons for Federalism in Nigeria: Why Nigeria Adopted - Bscholarly It was believed that federal system of government would take care of the interest of the minority and human rights that had been the fear of the minority under colonial rule. Also, there was a demand for more local regions by all these ethnic interest groups which was what led to the creation of new states. Federalism in Nigeria can be traced to Sir Frederick Lord Lugard, when the Northern and Southern protectorates were amalgamated in 1914. Your email address will not be published. It was under the 1954 constitution that federal system of government was fully adopted. One of the major reasons why countries choose federalism is because of size. Therefore, striking an acceptable delicate balance between these two divides, has, time and again, become a well known problematic world over. This has led to a deep sense of alienation and politics of ethnic identity. There may be no point, of course, boring ones moment with such lengthy activity of working out their conceptual nuances. The paper contends that unitary federalism in Nigeria is an imposition and extension of colonial and military entrenched inequalities in the Nigerian state. It should be noted, however, that the Leagues significantly differ from modern federations in one respect: namely, while the various governments freely interacted, no prosperous direct contact between the populace of the various governments was permitted. stream Is there high propensity or likelihood of exclusion, marginalization and relative deprivation, which was to engender obsessive mutual antagonism? *$( %2%(,-/0/#484.7*./. C It argues that although deficient in popular sovereignty, the Constitutions legitimacy is moot since it is the operative law that governs the country. Also, Read: Bad Leadership Causes, Effects And Solutions In Nigeria. Some of the reasons include preservation of identities. FOR CLIENTS OUTSIDE NIGERIA. I love this article,very educating and interesting It advocates good governance and a participatory approach to constitutional review as the foundations for strong constitutionalism in Nigeria. Air Plan Approval; Texas; New Source Review Updates for Project However, where there is a conflict of authority between the federal government and regional government, the federal authority supersedes. local government autonomy.docx - CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION Since Nigeria is a heterogeneous nation and Federalism is more practicable in such kind of nation, it is an ideal system of government. Reasons for Federalism 3.1 Reasons for a federal order rather than separate states or secession 3.2 Reasons for preferring federal orders over a unitary state 4. Common national, racial, religious, cultural linguistic or social ties have often contributed to the unification of political unit. Manages And Maintains And Secures Nigeria. (PDF) Federalism as a Political Ideology and System of Government: The Federalism in Nigeria refers to the devolution of self-governance by the West African nation of Nigeria to its federated states, who share sovereignty with the Federal Government. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. In the first place, therefore, the contemplation of a federal pact is one of an overwhelming outcome of the emphatic need to handle the above concerns acceptably. From the above explanation, one can rightly say that the constitution of Nigeria and United States of America are federal constitutions while the constitution of France and the Republic of Ireland are Unitary constitutions. The federal government however has occupied a very strong position vis--vis the State and Local government since the 1970's in Nigeria. Federalism therefore involves the linkage of individuals, groups and policies in lasting but limited union in such a way as to provide for the energetic pursuit of common goals while maintaining the respective integrities of all parties. Hon. >> Federalism as a system of government has been approached with variegated definitions such that one might argue that there are much definitions of federalism as there are authors on the subject. Historical experience 3.2 2. The federal system adopted in 1954 comprised a national government and three regional governments: Eastern, Northern, and Western. History of federal system of government in nigeria. And even now we can see the population of Nigeria compared to other countries in Africa. 4 0 obj The Hausa Fulani and the Minorities feared the domination of political powers by the Igbos and Yorubas. Book excerpt: Defensive Federalism presents an original contribution to the field of federalism and multinational democracies, exploring the concept of defensive federalism as a protection of self- government against the "tyranny of the majority". . International Relations - PRAHAAR | PDF | Joint Comprehensive Plan Of 1. 6 0 obj 1 Issue 2, BETWEEN THE PRISMS OF NECESSITY AND LEGALITY - THE IPOB PROSCRIPTION IN CONTESTATION_pp.43-57, RE-THINKING BIAFRA IDEOLOGY OF SELF-DETERMINATION IN NIGERIA, A (UN)JUST AND (UN)HOLY WAR? NIGERIAN FEDERALISM: A HISTORICAL ANALYSIS - Academia.edu Another important factor that necessitated federalism in Nigeria was the political culture of the country. Trouble for INEC staff who violated Electoral Act during presidential polls as c 53 things to do with your boyfriend: fun ways to spend time together, Presidential election: Jack-Rich salutes Tinubu, Shettima over victory, Maritime workers hail Supreme Court over old naira notes, says cargo can now leave ports, Dating apps in Nigeria: best applications to help you find the one. /F3 12 0 R 2012, Issues and Trends in Nigeria's Development. Required fields are marked *. "There are reasons why some nation-states opt for federalism. The benefits of federalism are that it can encourage political participation, give states an incentive to engage in policy innovation, and accommodate diverse viewpoints across the country. But before moving to the crux of this article, we will be looking briefly at the meaning and history of federalism in Nigeria. A large body of literature exists on Nigeria's fiscal federalism particularly with reference to revenue allocation. Nigeria thus consists of various ethnic groups and sub-national states, all of which are at the mercy of the Central government. In recent times, specifically in post 2015 general election, there have been new waves of agitations for the Biafra republic by both Movement for Actualization of Sovereign State of Biafra and Indigenous People of Biafra on one hand and for Niger Delta republic by Niger Delta Avengers on the other, added to terrorism and militancy that are already threatening Nigeria fragile state. The origin of federalism in Nigeria can be traced to the colonial era. So majority if not all of them were in favor of a federalist system of governance. Federalism is a system of government where there are a decentralization power and autonomy of governance to the regional or federated states that share sovereignty with the Federal Government. Why indirect rule succeeded in Northern Nigeria, SEE REASONS HERE. Federalism in Nigeria refers to the devolution of self-governance by the West African nation of Nigeria to its federated states, who share sovereignty with the Federal Government . Despite that, instead of unity, cooperation and consensus, there has been apparent division, disagreement, and dissension. Federalism has been present in Nigeria since the former British colony was reorganized into a federation of three regions in 1946. w !1AQaq"2B #3Rbr The political parties involved in the first republic were more formed on a regional basis. Then Nigeria was organised into a federation that had three regions. Such an act has constituted to one of the major problems of federalism thereby militating against the development of the nation. (Pdf) Fiscal Federalism and Local Government Financial Autonomy in The USA and Canada were formed with the above interest at heart. It allows for popular participation in politics at every level of government. By every political barometer, this is a thought-provoking account of the Nigeria-Biafra political imbroglio. 2. Multi-Ethnicity Nigeria is a country with a lot of ethnic groups. There are Benin and Togo in between Ghana and Nigeria, two of the former British African colonies. Post-independence creation of states and further division of states created after independence was done as a framework for the development of Nigeria. Political culture of Nigeria: 3.4 4. With the total area of 923,768 km, Nigeria can not justifiably be administered by a lone leviathan from the top. } !1AQa"q2#BR$3br Nigeria is a plural society of over 250 tongues and tribes. (PDF) Politics Of Federalism in Nigeria: Preparing Human Capital for Another cogent reason for federalism in Nigeria is the fear of marginalization. Your email address will not be published. /Length 3884 Samuel is bent on changing the legal profession by building Web and Mobile Apps that will make legal research a lot easier.
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